Excretory System

Excretory system excrement is the removal of waste products of metabolism from our frame system. Contents 1 Excretory functions 2 Component variety meat o2. 1 Lungs o2. 2 Kidneys o2. 3 Ureter o2. 4 Urinary bladder o2. 5 Urethra o3 Urine formation4 Reasons For excretion The excretory system removes metabolic and liquid toxic wastes as tumefy as excess urine from the existence, in the form of weewee,sweat,urea or bile. This is important so as to help brinytain balance within the organism and prevent damage to m the consistency.As your torso performs the many functions that it needs in order to keep itself alive, it pleads wastes. These wastes argon chemicals that are toxic and that if left alone would seriously hurt or even kill you. For example, as your cells break down amino acids, they produce a dangerous toxin known as urea. The cells of your body dislodge of this urea into your business Excretory organs Skin Skin is an excretory organ. The regulation of body temperat ure causes it to produce sweat which contain urea surplus water, salts and other waste .Lungs One of the main functions of the lungs is to diffuse gasified wastes, such(prenominal) as degree Celsius dioxide, from the bloodstream as a normal part of respiration Kidneys The kidneys special function is the elimination of waste from the bloodstream by production of urine. They perform several homeostatic (metabolic balance) functions such as- 1. Maintain volume of extracellular fluid 2. Maintain ionic balance in the blood 3. Maintain pH concentration of the blood. 4. Excrete toxic metabolic by-products such as urea, ammonia, and uric acid.The counsel the kidneys do this is with nephrons inside the glomeruli. There are over 1 million nephrons in each kidney, these nephrons execute as filters inside the kidneys. The kidneys filter needed materials and waste, the needed materials go back into the bloodstream, and unneeded materials becomes urine and is gotten rid of. In some cases, ex cess wastes crystallize as kidney stones. They grow and can become a awe-inspiring irritant that may require surgery or ultrasound treatments. Some stones are small full to be forced into the urethra Urine formationWithin the kidney, blood first passes through the renal artery to the capillary formations called a glomerulus and is collected in the Bowmans capsule which filters the blood from its contentsprimarily food and wastes. After the filtration process, the blood therefore returns to collect the food nutrients it needs, while the wastes pass into the collecting duct, to the renal pelvis, and to the ureter, and are and so secreted tabu of the body via the urinary bladder. What is a kidney stone? A kidney stone is a hard, crystalline mineral material make within the kidney or urinary tract.Kidney stones are a common cause of blood in the urine (hematuria) and often severe pain in the abdomen, flank, or groin. Kidney stones are sometimes called renal calculi. The condition of having kidney stones is termed nephrolithiasis. Having stones at any location in the urinary tract is referred to as urolithiasis, and the term ureterolithiasis is used to refer to stones locate in the ureters. The Human Skin 19. 3 Skin and Lungs as Accessory Excretory Organs In addition to the urinary system, the skin, lungs and colorful of vertebrates are accessory excretory organs. 1) Skin Human skin possesses glands for secreting dickens fluids on its surface, namely sweat from the sweat glands and sebum from sebaceous glands. (Fig. 19. 7). Sweat is a watery fluid containing in solution primarily contains sodium-chloride, urea,and excess water . Figure 19. 7 Vertical Section of the Skin Sebum is a wax-like secretion which helps to excrete some lipids such as waxes, sterols, other hydrocarbons and fatty acids on the skin. (B) Lungs Lungs which are the main respiratory organs of vertebrates, help to eliminate the entire volume of carbon dioxide produced in the body, as well as some moisture, during expiration.The lungs maintain the blood-gas homeostasis through elimination of carbon dioxide. When lungs fail to eliminate enough carbon dioxide, the kidneys attempt to compensate. They change some of the carbon dioxide into sodium bicarbonate, which becomes part of the blood buffer system. SUMMARY (1) Excretion is the removal of nitrogenous waste products from the body. (2) Kidneys are the most important excretory organs of mammals. Through filtration, reabsorption and active transport, waste is remove, but kidneys conserve substances useful to the organisms. 4) In general, kidneys regulate the intake and the outflow of water and salts in the blood and help to maintain homeostasis. (5) Regulation of kidney function is achieved by certain hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone and angiotensin. (6) Skin and lungs also act as accessory excretory organs. Nitrogenous Waste The liver also works by breaking down nitrogenous waste. Your different meta bolic processes in your body are important to keep you alive, but they also create waste in the form of nitrogen.The body must then transport the nitrogen waste out of your body. Your liver converts the nitrogenous waste into urea, which is then transported out of the body when you urinate. Bile Once toxins have been converted, the liver deposits the deactivated toxins into the bile. The liver excretes bile as a digestive aid for harder to digest fats, as well as a way to transport toxins out of the body. The bile is then stored in the gallbladder till needed. Once it is needed, it moves the duodenum and helps with the digestion and excretory process.